Translucent Marine Animals (半透明的海洋動物)

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Larval Blenny Fish

Photograph by David Liittschwager, National Geographic

It’s a fish-eat-fish world in the waters of the world’s oceans, and larvae may be the most vulnerable creatures of all. Larvae—the early form of some animals—are small, slow, and largely defenseless compared with their adult relatives. For many species, including this blenny, invisibility is the best bet for survival.

這是一個魚吃魚的世界，在世界上的海洋水域的魚，吃的魚和幼蟲可能是所有生物中最脆弱的。幼蟲的早期形式的一些動物是小，速度慢，主要是防禦與他們的成年親屬比較少。許多物種，包括這Larval Benny Fish，隱形是最好的生存。

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Hyrdomedusa

Photograph by David Wrobel, Seapics

In the dark waters near the Pacific Ocean seafloor a hydromedusa waves enough tentacles to appear rather like its ancient Greek namesake, Medusa. Medusae, which bud asexually from bottom-dwelling polyps, are just one stage of this jellyfish’s life cycle. Males and females release sperm and eggs, which spawn freely in seawater and form new polyps to begin the cycle again.

在黑暗水域附近的太平洋海底的水力水母足夠的波觸角出現，而不是像古希臘同名，美杜莎。水母，從底部的住宅息肉無性芽，只是這種水母的生命週期的一個階段。男性和女性釋放精子和卵子，所有的自由，在海水中產卵，並形成新的息肉再次開始循環。

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Pram Bug

Photograph by Solvin Zankl, Seapics

Though it’s only an inch (2.5 centimeters) long, the tiny Phronima crustacean is still a pretty vicious customer. Females prey on small marine animals called salps by using their mouths and claws to devour the salp’s insides and then hollowing out the corpse. The “pram bug” then lays her eggs inside the victim’s body cavity to create a mobile, gelatinous nest for her young.

雖然這只是一英寸（2.5厘米）長，Phronima 微小甲殼仍然是一個漂亮但帶惡性的生物。雌性通過使用他們的嘴和爪子吞食 Salp 的內臟，然後挖空的屍體被稱為樽海鞘小海洋動物捕食。 “Pram Bug”，然後受害人的體腔內部奠定了她的卵子，以創建一個移動的巢給她年幼的孩子。

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Larval Flounder

Photograph by David Liittschwager, National Geographic

A translucent body disguises a larval flounder to keep it safe from predators. It will lose this defense mechanism later in life. Flounder undergo several striking physical transformations during their lifetimes. Very young flounder swim upright and have an eye on each side of their face. As they age the fish begin to swim on their sides and one eye slowly migrates until both are on the body’s “top side.”

半透明的身體的可以保護 Larval Flounder的安全。但它就會慢慢地失去這種防禦機制。 Larval Flounder的一生會有幾個身體變化。年輕的Larval Flounder會直立游泳，眼睛生長在臉上兩側。隨著年齡增長，一隻眼睛會緩慢地移動至同一邊臉，直到兩隻眼睛會頭的頂部。

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Larval Squid

Photograph by David Liittschwager, National Geographic

This larval squid, seen in a Hawaiian laboratory, is largely transparent but boasts patches of bright color. Squid skin is full of pigment cells, which the animals can control by flexing and relaxing the muscles around them. Some squid use this ability to change colors quickly when threatened, feeding, or mating and can even adopt striped or rippled hues.

這幼蟲的魷魚，在夏威夷的實驗室看到，在很大程度上是透明的，但擁有色澤鮮豔的斑點。從收縮和放鬆肌肉，魷魚的皮膚色素細胞會改變顏色。受到威脅時，餵食，或交配，一些魷魚使用這個能力迅速改變皮膚色素。

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Glass Squid

Photograph by David Wrobel, Seapics

A glass squid, named for its nearly transparent body, cruises the deep, dark waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean. The light organs in the squid’s eyes and arms are called photophores—and they may serve as lures to help it to locate mates in the inky depths.

玻璃魷魚，幾乎透明的身體，遊到黑暗的太平洋東部水域。在魷魚的眼睛和手臂的輕機關被稱為 photophores，和他們可能作為誘餌，以幫助它找到隊友在漆黑的深處。

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Jellyfish

Photograph by Bill Curtsinger, National Geographic

About half of all jellyfish species are bioluminescent—and nearly all deep-sea jellies have this ability. A jelly’s light comes from a natural chemical reaction and is often employed to keep predators away by startling or distracting them.

大約有一半的水母物種是都發光的，幾乎所有的深海水母有這個能力。水母的光來自自然的化學反應，可以用來嚇走敵人。

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Antarctic Ice Fish

Photograph by Russ Hopcroft, UAL/Census of Marine Life

This Antarctic ice fish is one seriously cool customer. Natural antifreeze allows it to survive and even thrive in water temperatures that would freeze the blood of any other known fish. Scientists are learning that the frigid waters around both Poles teem with more types of life than they previously imagined.

這南極冰魚是非常酷。它的天然防凍劑可以允許它在冰冷的環境下生存。科學家們正在學習南北極周圍的寒冷水域有更多的生物比他們原先想像更多。

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Mantis Shrimp Larva

Photograph by David Liittschwager, National Geographic

This mantis shrimp larva appears a bit insubstantial. But when grown the crustacean can deliver what might be, pound for pound, the animal kingdom’s most powerful smackdown. The shrimp can unleash its hammer-shaped front leg at an incredible speed of 75 feet (23 meters) a second to generate forces more than a hundred times its own body weight and splinter the shells of snails and other prey.

這種蝦蛄幼體顯得有點脆弱。但是，當成長的蝦蛄，可以提供動物王國中最強大的攻擊。蝦蛄的錘形前腿可以釋放出令人難以置信的速度 75ft/s（23 m/s），超過它一百倍本身的重量，可以打破蝸牛和其它獵的物殼。

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Sunflower Sea Star

Photograph by Emory Kristof, National Geographic

A sunflower sea star sits nearly unseen on Bowie Seamount, a submerged volcano off the British Columbia coast. These predators can boast three-foot (one-meter) arm spans and use their sucker-laden appendages to snatch up everything from clams to snails and even other sea stars. Though they appear to be sedentary, these animals can use their thousands of tiny feet to move as fast as three feet (one meter) a minute.

幾乎看不見向日葵海星在 Bowie Seamount，位於顛哥倫比亞省對開的海岸的海底火山。這些大鱷可以誇耀3英尺（一米）臂跨度和使用他們的吸盤載貨附屬物，搶奪一切從蛤，蝸牛，甚至其他海星。雖然它們看起來是遲頓，這些動物可以使用他們的數以千計的小腳快速移動到3英尺（1米）一分鐘。

Narhhy

some are cute but some looks like monsters

柒公

哇塞！来个双语的介绍，很用心。让大家能对海里生物有多一点的认识。

kenny232

很多深海動物身體都是透明的，
這是一種在漆黑深海環境下隱藏自己, 免受捕食的方法.
又是進化的結果...